120588pkaCITY OF SHOREWOOD
JOINT PARR COMMISSION /COUNCIL MEETING
MONDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1988
COUNCIL CHAMBERS
5755 COUNTRY CLUB ROAD
7:00 PM
0 AGENDA
CALL TO ORDER
ROLL CALL
APPROVAL OF MINUTES
1. SNOWMOBILE
REVIEW
2. FREEMAN PARR
3. MANOR PARR WARMING HOUSE /PAVILION
4. REQUEST FOR SATURDAY MORNING ICE TIME - MHA
5. MATTERS FROM THE FLOOR
6. REPORTS
RASCOP
HAUGEN
STOVER
GAGNE
BRANCEL
VOGEL
LABEREE
LINDSTROM
JAKEL
CHRISTENSEN
ANDRUS
WEATHERLY
7. ADJOURNMENT
FREEMAN PARK
• Even if we accept the "as built" vs "plan" construction:
o Parking /South Ballfield buffer gone.
o 2.4ft. high Southwest elevation.
o North Ballfield moved 20ft. to the North.
o Very high East elevation (this is where excess fill is placed)
we are left with the three problems of: rocks, undulations and grading.
Most conversation is about the rocks... probably because this is the easiest
problem to solve. Typically the size of a foot or fist, but going all the way
up to some large chunks of asphalt, there is perhaps a dumptruck full of
rocks littering the entire graded area. But, there is enough money in the
contractors hold -back to pay someone to pick them and the softball league
might be willing to pick and rake the field on a volunteer basis. Disturbing
is the news that because of freezing /thawing and settling, rocks may
continue to surface for years -to -come. We are told that this the best we
can expect considering the material there was to work with.
Undulations ocurred because the field appears not to have been dragged
after it was disked. Or, perhaps, the furrows were caused by the seeding
machine. In any case, the field surface looks like a lake with waves 2 to 3
inches high and spaced the width of the machine.
• Grading itself is the final problem. The Engineer readily agrees that this is
not a final "fine" grade. Basically, there are three problems:
o . Grade changes of several inches over a short distance.
o Placement of the North field causes the outfield fence to go
over the bank. Standing at the outfield fence,
the infield is (for me) at chest level. A Co- President of
the softball league estimates that the last few feet will
have to be raised 3- 1 /2ft.
o The infield and outfield grades do not match. (There has
been some corrective action taken.)
Both Co- Presidents of the softball league say that the fields are not usable.
The Engineer readily agrees. The Engineer maintains that he never
considered this to be a finished grade ... that finishing, to him, includes
fences, backstops, dugouts, etc. and that what we have here is a field
ready for finishing. The grass seeding was to prevent erosion.
Freeman Park
p.2
• The Park Commission and, I believe, the City Council thought we were
getting a finished park... needing only backstops and fencing to play ball.
What to do? The Engineer says we have almost $2,000 left ... we could buy
some black dirt. I think we have a larger problem:
o re- grading and rock - picking
o 40 loads of dirt (10 Black/field x 3 fields plus 10 loads fill for North)
o fine grading
o re- seeding
o new contract... bidding, specifications.
o associated Engineering and Surveying
o Should the parking lot be moved to provide the So. Ballfield buffer?
o Fill never did get placed in the North -East corner ... and that was the
reason for getting fill in the first place. We are told that the reason
fill was not placed there is that the drawings call for
potential /future... so if in the future we want this potential we need
more fill. Also, there was concern about disturbing the walking path
(that doesn't exist).
• PARK COMMISSION ACTIONS
Park Commission expectations are well documented in memoranda and
minutes. Excerpts follow for convenience:
o 03/16/87 memo
-The amount of fill (from Shorewood Oaks) not to exceed the
amount allowed for in the grading plan.
-Don or Norton to stake out the dumping area.
- Norton suggested a requirement that the dirt be leveled.
o 04/06/87 minutes
-Only topsoil to be in the final grade.
- Engineer to inspect fill.
-No debris, roots, stumps.
-All fill to be leveled.
Freeman Park
P.3
o 05/20/87 minutes
- Restated all points of 04/06/87 motion.
-Asked to be advised if any problems arise.
0 06/01/87 minutes
-Noted that dumping began on South side not NE corner.
-Clay loads mixed with black dirt. Would this create a problem?
- Stumps, large branches and roots mixed with fill - will cleaning
these out be more park expense?
-A motion passed that the minutes of April 6 and 20 be reviewed
and also reviewed with the contractor. We wanted a written
statement regarding negotions with the contractor. We stated:
"Commissioners also wish to express extreme dissatisfaction
regarding the fact that their requested recommendations were
totally disregarded."
Reaction to our statement of dissatisfaction was that ... we were
looking at a partially finished project and that,when finished ... it
would be fine.
o 07/06/87 minutes
-More fill is being hauled. Dump in NE corner.
-Two thousand --:x hundred truckloads required by plan?
is 0 01/04/88 minutes
-OSDA Engineers Norton and Osmusson are present.
- "Fine" grading is specifically referenced in the minutes.
PROJECT STATUS AS OF JAN. 1988
As of 01/04/88 we have:
• Plan
• Specification
• Bubble chart delineating responsibility and chain -of- command
• Multiple bids (lowest of which is $11,405 over Engineer's estimate)
The Park Commission is now paying full market rates (to correct a grading
problem that should never have occurred).
Freeman Park
p.4
S BACK TO THE BEGINNING
The shame in all this is not the $73,312 spent. It is that:
o The $73,312 represents a major portion of all the money we had.
o Another year is lost.
o If we pay what I think it will cost to fix the problem... the Park
Commission will have zero money for anything.
The Engineer tells us that the contractors performed as instructed and
should be (and were) paid. The owners representative tells us that in a
multifaceted project like this it is hard to fix blame. Someone said that it's
probably just a communications problem.
But I don't see how it can be a communications problem. How could we
have been more clear? The minutes are precise. Engineers attended our
meetings. The Bubble Chart defines responsibilities. There is a plan and a
specification. We voiced our concerns at the beginning, midway and end of
the project:
6
• Beginning: Reiterated on 4/20/87 the points of 4//87.
• Midway: Extreme dissatisfaction; 6/1/87.
• End: Discovered that the South Ballfield was incorrectly
• measured and pointed this out in time for correction.
Where do we go from here? Why is the "as built" different from the
"plan "? What is our leverage? Who pays? The Engineer is supposed to make
recommendations.
Chapter 12
Sports Facilities
Sports Facilities
John M. Roberts
Landscape Architect
Department of Landscape Architecture
Iowa State University
The general concern of this chapter is with the plan-
ning of sports facilities and the environment in which
competitive games are played. A sports facility is to
be considered an exterior space specifically planned
and artifically constructed for one's enjoyment and
recreation through active individual or team play.
Further refinement of a game's definition might include
a prerequisite for physical and mental effort, traditions,
rules, penalties, a scoring system, and degrees of
competitiveness.
The chapter's general emphasis will be placed upon
those physical conditions which affect the experience
and enjoyment of play. Specifically, the text will deal
with the player's relationship to solar light, the sur-
faces upon which the game is played, physical dimen-
sions of the competition area, the artificial game area
related to existing topography, facility standards, spe-
cific construction information, and specific sports.
Scope of the Physical Area
Area Space Standards
Physical Facilities
Facilities Surfaces
Surface Materials
A. Concrete
B. Cork
C. Cottonseed Hulls
D. Asphaltic Concrete
E. Cinders
G. Decomposed Granite
F. Clay
H. Natural and Synthetic Turf
Orientation
A. Solar Orientation
B. Reflectivity
C. The Game
D. The Nature of Sunlight
F. Latitude and Sunshine
F. Longitude and Time
G. Solar Altitude and Azimuth Diagrams
Surface Drainage
Recommended Gradients
Golf Course Design/ Construction
A. Spatial Criteria H. The Tee
B. Circulation
1. Green Shape/
C. Course Layout
Orientation & Circulation
D. Length
J. Drainage
E. Sequence
K. Green Design
F. The Fairway
L. Drawings
G. Hazards
Trail Design
A. Gradients
B. Horizontal Radius
C. Separation
D. Rights of Way
E. Surfacing
F. Signing
Conversion Chart — Meters /Feet
List of Groups Concerned with Sports Facilities
Bibliography & References
Scope of the Physical Area
It is not too difficult for us to remember when our
games often evolved only from a desire to play, and
399
Recommended Gradients
Gradient
Play Area
1'/2.2% cross slope
Archery
1 % along length
Turf
Aerial Darts
same as tennis
• Badminton
1.25 -1.5%
Concrete
1.5%
Asphalt
1.5%
Clay
Grasstex* or equal
8 - 1 %
Synthetic turf
�fk�d Mir+)
•
� t}
..
-
S016OW lud =Ay. /d qld
!
Battin�"ame3 �s11tG
Bocci
1I _
Basketball
1 -1.5%
Concrete
1.25 -1.5%
Asphalt
Grasstex; or equal
0.8-1%
Bicycle
0 -3%
Little effort
8%
Medium effort
20%
Walk bike
Bowling (lawn)
0 -0.25%
Turf
Levet
Curling
Croquet
Sand, clay, or equal
0-.25%
same as tennis
Deck Tennis
same as football
Field Hockey
Ff3otl I
Turf
Synthetic turf
.5- 1%
level
Fencing
0.5-1%
Handball Court
Hoseshoe (longitudinal ridge level)
1.5 2% to sides
same as football
Lacrosse
Paddle Tennis
same as tennis
'
Quoits
level
same as tennis'
Quoitennis
Roller Skating - recreational
pitch to side 1- 1.25%
Linear straight -a -way, concrete
bank 2 -4
Curves
Running Track - straight -a -way
1 -2% to sub -drain -
Cinder - sub -grade
0-.25% to curb
Cinder - surface
0.5 -1 % to drain
Clay or soil - surface
0,5.0,8% to drain
Grasstex' or equal -
-
Running Track - straight with circular ends
1 1 /2 -2% to sub -drain
Cinder -sub -grade
0% straight - a -way
Cinder - surface
.3' to 1.0' superelevation
Clay or soil - surface
.5 -.8% to curb
.3' to 1.0' superelevation
Grasstex' or equal
.5 -.8% to curb
.3' to 1.0' superelevation.
Shuffleboard
level
11/2 -2%
Skeetshoot - general area
same as football
Soccer
p
1
Speedball
same as football
Tennis Courts
0.5 -1.0% cross slope
Concrete �
0.4 -.5% end to end
Asphalt - rolled on base
1.0
0.9 -1.0%
Clay 8 Grass
Grasstexl' or equal
0.5 -.8%
Synthetic turf
0.5 -.8%
1-2% from pole
Tetherball
Trackfield Brents
Shot putt -turf area
1% axial crown
Hammer throw -turf area
same
Javelin -turf area
same
essentially level
High jump
Long jump
essentially level
Pole vault
•
essentially level
Note: maximum gradient on tracks, runways, circles, and landing areas for throwing events shall not exceed 1% in a lateral
direction (except superelevation on curves)
and 0.1 % in the running or throwing direction.
Trap shoot - general area
11/2 -2%
same as badminton
Volleyball
' 458
normal time of play. For those who wish to analyze
latitudes located between two charts, solar angles may
be interpolated.
- Surface Drainage
Periods of play will depend a great deal upon remov-
ing storm water from the surface and subsurface.
Figures 56 and 57 use exaggerated contours to indi-
cate some typical examples of surface drainage pat-
terns. Figure 56 explores alternative baseball drainage
patterns and Figure 57 graphically contours regular
shaped sports areas. The choice of one drainage
pattern will probably depend upon the play area's
orientation related to the site's topography, the loca-
tions and directions to intercept storm water off the
field or court, and the character of the game. For
example, Fig. 57 -3 is preferred by some while Fig.
57 -11 is preferred by others (Gabrielsen) for a tennis
court. But if off -court conditions precluded such sheet
drainage to the lower side, the designer might recom-
mend another symetrical pattern Nke Fig. 57 -1 or
Fig. 57 -9. In either case the designer should be con -
-scious of giving neither player an advantage due to
slope, to disrupt the surface plane in such a manner as
to effect the bounce of a hit ball, or create a ridge
-running counter to the sag of a net.
Game courts or turfed areas which do not depend
completely upon the accurate bounce or roll of a ball,
such as football, volleyball, field hockey, soccer, etc.,
become somewhat easier to cope with. For example,
Fig. 57 -4 is usually selected for football, soccer, and
field hockey, while a volleyball court similar to Fig.
`57 -1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7,10 could be used. An important point
with games, such as volleyball, is to consider similar
elevations at serving points related to a net. In all
cases, gradient change must not occur so suddenly
that a player stumbles at any point.
Baseball fields produce a very complex study in grade
change related to ball bounce, player security, area
scale, running and fielding, and player line of sight.
Critical areas such as the infield must be fairly flat with
a gradual elevation to the pitcher's mound, yet suffi-
cient slope must be provided so as to insure surface
drainage. Recent introduction of synthetic grass has
not completely eliminated the need for drainage al-
though lower gradients may be used than necessary
for natural turf. The 0111104 of
tiiin ltt
of rrn * melon
to drain water from the outfield but a
CWttd pads Y2,,, o 4' tk3n
of:tK w.Ow.
See.lr, butem4ow Mato, wffl
difficulty In following a ground bell out of
figs. 56 -1, 2, 4, and 6 would seem more sympthetic
to the outfielders' line -of -sight while maintaining a
somewhat level infield. Fig. 56 -4 is not symetrical and
must be handled with great care because storm water
stays on the field over a greater distance and exces-
sive gradients will position one fielder quite high and
the other quite low. Again, the choice of drainage
designs will depend a great deal upon field orientation
and where storm water can be intercepted.
Golf Course Design /Construction
The architecture of golf courses requires mature judg-
ment in visual design concepts, technical construction
knowledge, and, at the least, a player's view of the
game. Whether or not a particular course is judged
good or poor becomes a subjective evaluation, yet
those courses consistantly receiving applause are
beautiful, easily and consistantly maintained, and pro-
vide an interesting game of golf. Those who involve
themselves in the design, construction, and mainte-
nance of a golf course are setting out to develop a
very complex and artificial space in which a game is
played.
The game historically, has evolved from coastal loca-
tions which provided natural hazards and challenges
to holing -out. The topography was not disturbed, the
hole being dug in an existing level area, and sand
dunes formed the basic topographic character. From
this beginning, the golf course architect has sought to
remain sympathetic to golf's original character while
-meeting contemporary demands.
The modern golf course has increasingly become an
artificial space subject to traditions imposed by its
birth place, yet prepared to function in a very different
and contemporary environment. Golf course architec-
ture has not and will probably never remain com-
pletely in tune to the form of early courses. Changing
player desires, equipment, regional variations, and
particularly the economic pressures of construction and
maintenance have all combined to produce a dis-
tinctly modern game.
The following notes seek to sketch a brief outline of
golf course construction with theoretical explanations.
It is assumed that the reader possesses a background
in, physical design, agronomy, grading and drainage
principles, landscape architecture, and construction
documents, and seeks to understand specific aspects
of golf courses. Various publications exist on the sub-
ject and their sources appear within the bibliography.
Spatial Criteria —The amount of space necessary to
construct a golf course varies with the shape of the
site and the degree of topographical change. In gen-
eral, the rectangular site oriented north /south and with
minor topographical change is most efficient.
459
456